|
|
Analysis of U.S. foreign policy towards nuclear-armed states in South Asia
Freitag, Vojtěch ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Smetana, Michal (referee)
Nuclear testing conducted by India and Pakistan in 1998 raised concerns among members of the whole international community. United States under Bill Clinton administration were in the front line in the fight against spreading nuclear weapons and following the tests the U.S. condemned both states and imposed economic sanctions. India and Pakistan found themselves under strong international pressure and according to the global nuclear regime were banned from trade with nuclear materials and technology. However, the sanctions were soon lifted and United States enhanced their relationship with India and ultimately ended its nuclear isolation. In fact, the Indo-U.S. deal from 2008 basically legitimised Indian nuclear weapons program and integrated India into the global nuclear order. On the contrary, Pakistan remained excluded and similar deal with the United States seems unrealistic. This thesis explains the differences in the U.S. approach applying a modified neorealist theory, which emphasizes systematic influences and to some extent also an influence of the U.S. President on the resulting foreign policy. The thesis is conceived as a comparative analysis. Using analytical framework on three levels, structural, state and an individual level, important factors that had an effect on the improvement of...
|
|
|
Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons: Case Study of Norway and the Netherlands
Sudakovová, Natália ; Smetana, Michal (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
Master thesis analyzes two NATO Member States, the Netherlands and Norway, and their approach to the Treaty on Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) which was signed on 7 July 2017. Both countries decided not to support the TPNW by either voting against it or abstaining from the negotiations. Research aims to explain why some countries refuse to ban nuclear weapons and what factors influenced the positions of the States on the TPNW. For this purpose, a model-based approach with three models (security, domestic and norm model) developed by Scott Sagan is being applied in each case. These models reflect three international relations theories: neo-realism, liberal institutionalism and constructivism. The security model takes into consideration the security environment that a state is in, whether regionally or globally. It considers security threats to be the fundamental cause of nuclear proliferation. The second model focuses on the domestic actors who encourage or discourage governments from pursuing the bomb, public society and domestic institutions. The last model examines the norms which prevail in the society and form state identity of the State. Based on these three different levels of analysis, the thesis explains what factors were critical in formulating the Dutch and Norwegian positions on...
|
guest ::
